Directions in Active Networks

Kenneth L. Calvert, Samrat Bhattacharjee, Ellen W. Zegura, and James P.G. Sterbenz,
“Directions in Active Networks”,
IEEE Communications, vol.36 #10, Oct. 1998, pp. 72–78.
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Abstract

Active networks represent a significant step in the evolution of packet-switched networks, from traditional packet-forwarding engines to more general functionality supporting dynamic control and modification of the network behavior. However, the phrase “active network” means different things to different people. This article introduces a model and nomenclature for talking about active network, describes some possible approaches in terms of that nomenclature, and presents various aspects of the architecture being developed in the DARPA-funded active networks program. Potential applications of active networks are also highlighted, along with some of the challenges that must be overcome to make them a reality.

Keywords

Active network refernce model architecture, execution environment, EE, node operating system, NodeOS, active applications

Outline

Introduction
Basic Concepts and Nomenclature
- Active Networks and Programming Interfaces
  - Language Expressive Power
  - Statefulness
  - Granularity of Control
- Examples
  - ANTS
  - SwitchWare
  - Smart Packets
  - Open Signaling: xbind
Architecture Overview
- Execution Environments
- Node Operating System
- Active Network Encapsulation Protocol
- Interfaces and Standardization
Composite Network Services
- Composition Mechanisms
  - Choice from a set of options
  - Turing-complete programming language
  - Special-purpose language for composition
  - Event-based framework
- Service Composition in LIANE
Applications
- Examples
  - Multicast
  - Quality of service
  - Caching
  - Network management
  - Multicast video distribution
Future Directions
Acknowledgments
References

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